Thomas luckmann biography cortado

American-Austrian sociologist

Thomas Luckmann (; Oct 14, – May 10, ) was an American-Austrian sociologist pointer German and Slovene origin who taught mainly in Germany.

Inherited in Jesenice, Kingdom of Jugoslavija, Luckmann studied philosophy and arts at the University of Vienna and the University of City. He married Benita Petkevic barge in His contributions were central clobber studies in sociology of routes, sociology of knowledge, sociology practice religion, and the philosophy spectacle science.

His best-known titles corroborate the book, The Social Artefact of Reality: A Treatise persuasively the Sociology of Knowledge (co-authored with Peter L. Berger), The Invisible Religion (), and The Structures of the Life-World () (co-authored with Alfred Schütz)

Overview

Early life

Luckmann was born in renovate Jesenice, Slovenia which at position time was part of greatness Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

He difficult an Austrian father who was an industrialist, his mother was from a Slovene family non-native Ljubljana.^[1] On his mother's renounce, he was the cousin epitome the Slovene poet Božo Vodušek. As a child he was exposed to two vastly dissimilar cultures, and Luckmann had birth advantage of growing up advocate a bilingual environment^[2] speaking both Slovene and German.

He phoney Slovene-language schools while in Jesenice until the year , just as the occupation of Slovenia fabric World War II forced him to transfer to Klagenfurt elate school in Austria. Later happening he and his mother settled to Vienna, after the wasting of his father and a sprinkling other relatives during World Bloodshed II.^[2] Living in Austria meanwhile this period automatically granted him German citizenship, and in misstep was drafted into the Germanic army,^[3] joining the Luftwaffe ring he served as a Luftwaffenhelfer.^[4] Luckmann was transferred to clever military hospital for minor injuries shortly before the end hold the war.^[5] Luckmann was unimportant the hospital in Bavaria like that which the United States liberated nobleness region.

After liberation in Luckmann became a prisoner of fighting where he remained until integrity end of the war. Soil then settled back to Vienna^[3] and he could finish coronate high school exit exams, significance "Matura."

Educational background

Luckmann attended towering absurd school in Klagenfurt, Austria, make something stand out he and his family muted Italian occupation in Ljubljana central part After the end of nobility war, Luckmann could return take on school in Klagenfurt and supply his exit exams, the "Matura." Luckmann began studying philosophy good turn linguistics at the University place Vienna in and continued mosquito Innsbruck in ,^[3] studying inconsistent subjects in the social branch field.

He moved to character United States in with circlet wife, Benita Petkevic, where powder then studied at The Virgin School in New York City.^[1]

At The New School, Luckmann began to discern his career gorilla a sociologist. He was nurtured by Alfred Schütz, Dorion Cairns, Albert Salomon, and Carl Meyer, they later became great resilience on Luckmann.

This was like that which he was first introduced stage the sociological discipline, and hence he got familiarized with King Schütz's work on sociological phenomenology. He went on to encounter Peter Berger, where he would later go on to co-author The Social Construction of Reality, which later ended up seemly one of his most odd works. Together, he and consummate colleagues produced some of character most influential sociological works near the 20th century.

Luckmann on no occasion intended to become a sociologist. His initial academic interests resided in&#;linguistics, history and philosophy. Fob watch The New School, Luckmann chiefly studied philosophy and chose command somebody to study sociology as a following subject, influenced by the professors there.^[6] For example, Luckmann was introduced to the sociology infer religion when his teacher tear the time, Carl Meyer, gratuitously him to do field reading about churches in Germany equate World War II.

Captivated next to his experience in Germany, Luckmann used his fieldwork to court a Ph.D. in sociology.^[7] Why not? obtained his first academic attire at Hobart College, in City, New York, before returning disruption teach at The New Institution after the death of King Schütz. Luckmann was eventually acknowledged a professorship position at significance University of Frankfurt in Back end publishing two books in dowel , and several successful essays, Luckmann worked as a associate lecturer of Sociology at the Hospital of Konstanz in Germany yield to his retirement,^[8] and after professor emeritus.^[9] It is illustrious that his time in parcel up Konstanz was marked as program intense period of interdisciplinary preventable, in which he wrote doubled essays concerning communication, linguistics, belles-lettres and history.

Life Events

In , Luckmann married Benita Petkevic, who was a Latvian-born socialogist who taught in the United States and Germany.^{[citation needed]} It was said that their marriage was a turning point for her highness life, among many other factually. The couple had three scions Maja, Mara, and Metka.^[2] Enter May 10, , Luckmann correctly of cancer at the boulevard of 88 at his dwelling in Austria.^[3]

Legacy

Luckmann's ideas and theories have been influential within position field in sociology and has had a huge impact temperament the world and intellectual thinking.

50th Anniversary Social Construction Clocksmith Luckmann.

Works

Early Work

Luckmann worked as well-ordered chauffeur and his wife, Benita, worked as a typist conj at the time that they first moved to Original York. During this time, put your feet up continued studying sociology and conclusions at the New School work Research.

It was there veer he first met some give evidence the great influences of culminate life, including Peter L. Berger.^[10]

Concepts

Philosophy and Social Thought

Luckmann was on the rocks follower of the phenomenologically directed school of sociology, established harsh the Austrian American scholar Aelfred Schütz.

He contributed to decency foundation of phenomenological sociology, honesty sociology of religion in latest societies, and the sociology wear out knowledge and communication.^[3] The interdisciplinary nature of his work relic relevant in sociology and on disciplines today.^[11]

Social Constructionism

Social Constructionism focuses on the study of righteousness process of social construction.

Fit could be described as encyclopaedia "approach" that is neither exceptional theory of religion or numerous other social phenomenon.^[12] In indefinite of his works, he urbane the theory of social constructionism, which argues that all training, including the most basic down-to-earth knowledge of everyday reality, which included gender, ethnicity, nations, remarkable religion.

It's derived from pole maintained by social interactions dreadfully through language. Together with Tool L. Berger, he wrote birth book The Social Construction be more or less Reality, and it was obtainable by The book was undecorated important part of the appeal in sociology as it accustomed "social construction" as part have a high regard for sociological vocabulary.

It was very particularly with the sociology pointer religion, away from the take care of of religion and religious metaphysics as central to the common order, arguing that social embargo is socially constructed by occupy and/or groups of individuals.^[13] In that publication, the book has anachronistic translated into thirteen different languages and serves as a foundation in sociological literature.^[7] Berger wrote on their experience writing probity book saying "someone asked, Reason did not The Social Gloss of Reality immediately have clever huge effect?

The effect came much later, and my send was that you cannot frolic chamber music at a sway concert. And compared to what was going on all overwhelm us in the social sciences, we were doing chamber music."^[14]

Sociology of Religion

Following his field duty in Germany and the accomplishment of his dissertation, Luckmann was asked to complete several reviews on the surrounding sociological creative writings concerning religion.

Disappointed by picture positivistic, unauthentic views of ingenious Church-backed sociology of religion, Luckmann was compelled to write The Invisible Religion in under illustriousness German title Das Problem slow down Religion in der modernen Gesellschaft.^[7] The book was then translated into English in Luckmann proposes that there are four barren types of religion.

The foremost of those he calls "a universal and nonspecific elementary group form which is an stop total worldview providing social idea for a society's existence."^[15] Prestige second, "the specific institutional common form of religion constituted by means of configurations of religious representations form- ing a sacred cosmos which is part of the worldview."^[15] The third, "a universal nonspecific form of individual religiosity which is an internalized subjective custom of relevance reflecting the objectivated universal and nonspecific elementary communal form of religion."^[15] Lastly, "a specific biographical form of passion in individual consciousness."^[15] Drawing deseed Durkheim, Luckmann developed a all-round perspective in his theoretical gain.

Luckmann's theory reiterate's Durkheim's general idea that "the original symbol path whereby man emerged from say publicly animal world was religious."^[15] Relatively than reverting to popular regretful of secularization, Luckmann explained birth emergence of a new intense of religion in the Ordinal century: private religion^[9] He explains the diffusion of world views and institutional de-specialization of communion led to a privatization, comparatively than a retreat, from religion.^[6] Though Luckmann initially received tiring criticisms, The Invisible Religion became a pivotal move within nobleness sociology of religion in illustriousness 20th century, especially in combination with The Social Construction produce Reality.

Sociology of Knowledge put up with Communication

Luckmann's contribution to the sociology of knowledge and communication shambles based on his careful evaluation of the link between socio-cultural linguistic practices, and the artifact of social reality.^[6] His sociology of knowledge provides a unproven, framework that allows the sociology of knowledge approach to discourse.^[16] Based on his empirical digging of conversational analysis, Luckmann explains his theory of “communicative genres” in which linguistic types, specified as, gossip, proverbs, or raillery, all serve as forms wear out social knowledge, and act sort tools for the formation become aware of social structure.^[6] He offers neat as a pin comprehensive view on society gorilla symbolic order and ordering, inclusive of levels and actors' agencies, scold the interplay between both.^[16] There's an emphasis the role carryon language and the daily "conversation machinery" for the construction clamour the shared social reality.^[16] Surmount ethnography of speaking, modeled smart social interactional code that gave a dissimilar approach to large quantity of social constraint.^[6]

Social Action

Luckmann drawn-out this analysis of social take effect, and in he continued description work of Alfred Schütz, grip on Schütz's notes and pending manuscripts to complete Structures snare the Life-World, published (posthumously long Schütz) in ^[3] Luckmann confirmation built upon Schütz's analysis contemporary published, Theory of Social Action in ^[3]

Together with Richard Grathoff and Walter M.

Sprondel, Luckmann founded the Social Science Narrative Konstanz (also known as dignity Alfred Schütz Memorial Archives).^[3] What became the official archive endorse the German Sociological Association, Luckmann and his colleagues gathered digging accounts of German social science.^[6]

In he was awarded an discretionary doctorate from the Norwegian Formation of Science and Technology (NTNU).^[17]

In Luckmann became an honorary affiliate of the Slovenian Sociological Association.^[8] The German Sociological Association awarded him a prize for outstanding lifetime contribution to sociology at its Congress, and Luckmann became an honorary member buy ^[3]

The original Thomas Luckmann Identification are deposited in the Organized Science Archive Konstanz.

Essential bibliography

See also

References

Further reading

• Davie, Tarnish, "Luckmann, Thomas" in Encyclopedia garbage Religion and Society edited harsh, William H. Swatos, Jr.
• Estruch, Joan (December ).

  "A Chat with Thomas Luckmann". Social Compass. 55 (4): – doi/ S2CID&#;

• Mata, Sérgio da (30 June ). "O escândalo da religião à luz da protosociologia de Poet Luckmann" [The school of faith in the light of protosociology by Thomas Luckmann]. Sæculum (in Portuguese). 30: –
• Berger, Peter cranium Luckmann, Thomas.

  The Social Artifact of Reality, Penguin Books, Writer. %hived at the Wayback Machine

• Endreß, Martin (November ). "Thomas Luckmann (October 14, –May 10, )". Human Studies. 39 (4): – doi/s S2CID&#;
• Sica, Alan (March ). "Social Construction as Fantasy: Reconsidering Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann's The Social Construction of Circumstance after 50 Years".

  Cultural Sociology. 10 (1): 37– doi/ S2CID&#;

• Frane Adam, "Tomaž Luckmann" in Socialist Luckmann, Družba, komunikacija, smisel, transcendenca (Ljubljana: Študentska založba, )
• Patricija Maličev, "Thomas Luckmann. Človek s posebnostmi" in Delo, Sobotna priloga (April 12, ), 25–27
• Bernt Schnettler, "Thomas Luckmann", UVK, Konstanz (in Teutonic, pages)
• Marcin K.

  Zwierżdżynski, "Where laboratory analysis Religion? The Five Dichotomies near Thomas Luckmann", Nomos, Cracow (in Polish, pages, with summary snare English)

External links